Abstract

The citizenization of migrant workers, which not only affects the quality of China's urbanization, but will also determines the success or failure of China's modernization drive, is a critical matter as well as a realistic problem for effective transferring of rural surplus labour force in our country. In terms of the current difficulties of the citizenization of migrant workers, the biggest problem for migrant workers is unable to cope with the risks of market and urban life on their own. For most migrant workers, the low level of human capital makes it difficult to obtain the material foundation needed for citizenization through their employment. And the exclusion implied in the urban public services and the superiority of urban residents means that it is difficult for them to get help in the cities. These realistic problems make it hard for migrant workers to make optimistic predictions about the future, and therefore they are moving between urban and rural areas to occupy both urban and rural resources, which is regarded as their practical option. The development of migrant workers over more than 30 years shows us that it is far from enough for the migrant workers to integrate into the city by their own efforts; instead, corresponding policies of acceptance and support are much more important. Having urban household registration helps migrant workers obtain more public services and financial subsidies to work and live better in cities. But presently the social and economic costs are too high to abolish the household registration system, as many secondary systems were established on its basis and some have been solidified into social reality. Moreover, the permission of the household registration only solves the public service problems of migrant workers at the very specific city, and is unable to meet the needs of migrant workers who are moving to the city where they are not registered. Although it is not the optimal solution to promote the citizenization by means of changing household registration, migrant workers' need for rights and security guarantee while working and live in cities for a long term cannot be ignored accordingly. Under the background of the gradual household registration reforming, it is an inevitable choice to promote the social rights system and the security system into the city. In fact, the process of the citizenization is that of transferring the social security system from the countryside to the city. Can transferring the social security system into cities affect the citizenization of migrant workers? If yes, what is the mechanism for this effect? Is it suitable for the new generation migrant workers? Those are the questions this thesis tries to look at.

Citizenization is the appeal of rights of the new generation migrant workers and is also the fundamental solution to the issue of China's migrant workers. Under the background of China's gradual reform and the development of new-type urbanization, the thesis systematically studies the major theories and practical problems of the citizenization of rural migrant workers, constructing the social security system analysis framework of peasant workers' citizenization with the main research object—the new generation of migrant workers and the main line—institutional innovation. Taking Fuzhou City as an example, the thesis makes an empirical observation to functional mechanism which will influence the city integration of new generation migrant workers. Finally, this article puts forward the general notion and institutional policy advice of the migrant workers' citizenization from the perspective of social security, in order to provide theoretical basis and policy reference for the citizenization. Thus, the thesis' logical framework comes as follows：

Chapter One, Introduction. It covers research background, research aim and significance, research designs, methods and logical framework.

Chapter Two, Literature review. First, there is a review of the research of social integration in western countries. Second, it summarizes the relevant research on social security of migrant workers at home, affirming the necessity of embracing migrant workers into the urban social security system from the perspective of market risks, civil rights, and public finance, and analyzing the related factors affecting the citizenization of migrant workers with a review of citizenization research angle. Last, the thesis comments on the merits and demerits of the relevant research, and presents the theoretical model and research methodology.

Chapter Three, The historical evolution of the citizenization of migrant workers and the analysis of the citizenization of the new generation migrant workers. It mainly includes institutional analysis of the phenomenon of migrant workers and its development, the analysis of the historical evolution and development trend of migrant workers' citizenization, as well as the analysis of the hardship, essence and policy adjustment direction of the citizenization of the new generation migrant workers

Chapter Four, The research and design on social security impact on the citizenization of new generation migrant workers. It mainly covers the theoretical analysis of the influencing factors of citizenization, the theoretical framework of social security's impact on citizenization, the construction of the evaluation system of the citizenization and social security, questionnaire design and related data collection.

Chapter Five, Descriptive analysis of the social security and citizenization of the new generation migrant workers. It focuses on the assessment of the degree of citizenization, the analysis of the basic information of urban social security possession, and the analysis of the factors influencing the citizenization.

Chapter Six, The study on functional mechanism of social security's impact on the citizenization of the new generation migrant workers. It mainly involves research method selection, design of related variables, conceptual model and research hypothesis, scale reliability and validity test, structural equation model test and result analysis.

Chapter Seven, The case study on social security factors'impact on the citizenization of the new generation migrant workers. Six individual case interviews are conducted with three samples selected respectively from the high score（in terms of citizenization degree）group and the low score group. Besides, this part is to explore the possible influence of social security and social security rights consciousness on the citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers and analyzes the cases in combination with relevant theories.

Chapter Eight, Conclusions and policy proposals. The thesis summarizes the main conclusions systematically and put forward suggestions concerning integrating migrant workers into the urban social security system: diluting the welfare color of urban household registration, promoting equalization of public services, improving the social insurance system and enhancing the migrant workers' participation in social security system, and exploring the proper form of social assistance for migrant workers by integrating them into the urban social assistance system. Of course, this part summarizes the research limitations and the focus of the follow-up study.

Keywords: New Generation of Migrant Workers; City Integration; Social Security; Structural Equation Model